Each nutrients has its own role in cell physiology. The elements given to the medium as inorganic salt cations whose numbers different depending on the needs. Several
classes of microbes for example diatomaceous and certain algae require
silica (Si) that is usually given in the form of silicate to prepare the
cell wall. Functions and needs of Natrium (Na) for some yet unknown number of bodies. Natrium
levels were somewhat higher required by certain bacteria that live in
the sea, blue green algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Natrium can not be replaced by other monovalent cations.The bodies of living can use their food in the form of solid or liquid (solution). The
bodies that can be used in solid foods classified as type holozoik,
while those using food in liquid form holofitik classified type. Holofitik
bodies can also be used in the form of solid food, but the food must be
digested first outside the cell with the help of extracellular enzymes.
Digestive outside the cell is known as extracorporeal digestion.Food
ingredients used by living bodies can serve as a source of energy, the
building blocks of cells, and as acceptors or electron donors. In the outline of foodstuffs are divided into seven categories: water,
energy sources, carbon source, a source of electron acceptor, mineral
resources, growth factors, and a source of nitrogen.
Water
Water is a major component of microbial cells and medium. Funsi water is a source of oxygen for respiration of organic material in the cell. The water serves as a solvent and means of transport in the metabolism.
Energy sources
There are several sources of energy for microbes that organic or inorganic compounds that can be oxidized and light, especially sunlight.
Carbon source
Carbon source for the microbes can take the form of organic and inorganic compounds. Organic compounds include carbohydrates, fats, proteins, amino acids, organic acids, organic acid salts, polyalcohols, and so on. Inorganic compounds eg carbonates and CO2 which is the main carbon source, especially for higher plants.
Source electron acceptor
Biological oxidation process is a process of retrieval and transfer of electrons from the substrate. Because the electrons in the cells are not in free form, then there must be a substance that can capture the electron. Catcher electrons is called an electron acceptor. Electron acceptor is an oxidizing agent. On the microbes that can serve as an electron acceptor is O2, organic compounds, NO3, NO2, N2O, SO4 =, CO2, and Fe 3+.
Mineral resources
Minerals are part of the cell. The main building blocks of cells is C, O, N, H, and P. other mineral elements needed cells is K, Ca, Mg, Na, S, Cl. Mineral elements used in very small amounts is Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Bo, Zn, Mo, Al, Ni, Va, Sc, Si, Tu, etc. are not needed bodies. Elements that are used in a large number of so-called macro elements, a moderate amount of oligo elements, and a very small amount of micro elements. Micro elements often are as follow (impurities) in salt macro elements, and can fit into a medium through glass contamination place or through dust particles.In addition to functioning as a constituent of the cell, mineral elements also serves to regulate the pressure Osmose, concentration of H + ions (acidity, pH) and oxidation-reduction potential (redox potential) medium.
Growth factors
Growth factor is an organic compound that is indispensable for growth (as a precursor, or a constituent material of cells) and these compounds can not be synthesized from simple carbon sources. Growth factors often called substances grows and is only required in very small amounts.Based on the structure and functions in metabolism, growth factors are classified into amino acids, as the building blocks of protein; purine and pyrimidine base, as a constituent of nucleic acids; and vitamins as prosthetic groups or active part of the enzyme.
Nitrogen source
Microbes can use nitrogen in the form of ammonium, nitrate, amino acids, proteins, and so on. Nitrogen compound type used depends on the type of body. Some microbes can use the nitrogen in gas form N2 (nitrogen) air. These microbes are called nitrogen-fixing microbes.
Water
Water is a major component of microbial cells and medium. Funsi water is a source of oxygen for respiration of organic material in the cell. The water serves as a solvent and means of transport in the metabolism.
Energy sources
There are several sources of energy for microbes that organic or inorganic compounds that can be oxidized and light, especially sunlight.
Carbon source
Carbon source for the microbes can take the form of organic and inorganic compounds. Organic compounds include carbohydrates, fats, proteins, amino acids, organic acids, organic acid salts, polyalcohols, and so on. Inorganic compounds eg carbonates and CO2 which is the main carbon source, especially for higher plants.
Source electron acceptor
Biological oxidation process is a process of retrieval and transfer of electrons from the substrate. Because the electrons in the cells are not in free form, then there must be a substance that can capture the electron. Catcher electrons is called an electron acceptor. Electron acceptor is an oxidizing agent. On the microbes that can serve as an electron acceptor is O2, organic compounds, NO3, NO2, N2O, SO4 =, CO2, and Fe 3+.
Mineral resources
Minerals are part of the cell. The main building blocks of cells is C, O, N, H, and P. other mineral elements needed cells is K, Ca, Mg, Na, S, Cl. Mineral elements used in very small amounts is Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Bo, Zn, Mo, Al, Ni, Va, Sc, Si, Tu, etc. are not needed bodies. Elements that are used in a large number of so-called macro elements, a moderate amount of oligo elements, and a very small amount of micro elements. Micro elements often are as follow (impurities) in salt macro elements, and can fit into a medium through glass contamination place or through dust particles.In addition to functioning as a constituent of the cell, mineral elements also serves to regulate the pressure Osmose, concentration of H + ions (acidity, pH) and oxidation-reduction potential (redox potential) medium.
Growth factors
Growth factor is an organic compound that is indispensable for growth (as a precursor, or a constituent material of cells) and these compounds can not be synthesized from simple carbon sources. Growth factors often called substances grows and is only required in very small amounts.Based on the structure and functions in metabolism, growth factors are classified into amino acids, as the building blocks of protein; purine and pyrimidine base, as a constituent of nucleic acids; and vitamins as prosthetic groups or active part of the enzyme.
Nitrogen source
Microbes can use nitrogen in the form of ammonium, nitrate, amino acids, proteins, and so on. Nitrogen compound type used depends on the type of body. Some microbes can use the nitrogen in gas form N2 (nitrogen) air. These microbes are called nitrogen-fixing microbes.
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